CBSE physics

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Question
CBSEENPH12039024

Define the term 'Mobility' of charge carriers in a conductor. Write its S.I. unit              

Solution

Drift velocity per unit applied electric field is known as the mobility of charge carriers in a conductor.

Mathematically, 
Mobility, straight mu space equals space Driftvelocity over Electricfield equals space fraction numerator vertical line straight v subscript straight d vertical line over denominator straight E end fraction

S.I. unit of mobility: straight m squared straight V to the power of negative 1 end exponent straight s to the power of negative 1 end exponent or  ms to the power of negative 1 end exponent straight N to the power of negative 1 end exponent straight C

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Question
CBSEENPH12039025

The carrier wave is given by C (t) = 2sin (8πt) Volt.
The modulating signal is a square wave as shown. Find modulation index. 

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Solution

The generalized equation of a carrier wave is given by, 
c left parenthesis t right parenthesis space equals space A subscript c sin w subscript c t
The generalized equation of a modulating signal is given by, 


c subscript m t space equals space A subscript c sin omega subscript c t space plus space mu A subscript c sin omega subscript m t space sin omega subscript c t 
On comparing the given equation of carrier wave with the generalized equation, we get,

Amplitude of modulating signal, Am = 1 V

Amplitude of carrier wave, Ac = 2 V
Modulation index is the ratio of the amplitude of modulating signal to the amplitude of carrier wave straight mu.
It is denoted by,
So, Error converting from MathML to accessible text.

Question
CBSEENPH12039026

"For any charge configuration, equipotential surface through a point is normal to the electric field." Justify. 

Solution

Work done (W) in moving a test charge along an equipotential surface is zero.

Work done is given by, 
W equals space F s space cos theta space equals 0
F is the electric force and s is the magnitude of displacement.
For non-zero displacement, this is possible only when cos straight theta  is equal to 0.
  cos space theta space equals space 0 space
        straight theta = 90° 

Thus, the force acting on the point charge is perpendicular to the equipotential surface.
Electric field lines give us the direction of electric force on a charge.
Thus, for any charge configuration, equipotential surface through a point is normal to the electric field.

Question
CBSEENPH12039027

Two spherical bobs, one metallic and the other of glass, of the same size are allowed to fall freely from the same height above the ground. Which of the two would reach earlier and why?

Solution

The glass bob would reach the ground earlier. Glass bob which is non-conducting in nature will only experience Earth’s gravitational pull unlike the metallic bob which is conducting.

Since the metallic bob is conducting in nature, eddy current is induced as it falls through the magnetic field of the Earth. As per Lenz’s law, current is induced in a direction opposite to the motion of the metallic bob. Hence, there is a delay. 

Question
CBSEENPH12039028

Show variation of resistivity of copper as a function of temperature in a graph. 

Solution

The graph below shows variation of resistivity of copper with temperature. The graph is parabolic in nature.
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