Sponsor Area
What did Lencho hope for?
Lencho hoped for rains because the corn fields needed rain shower for irrigation.
Why did Lencho say the raindrops were like ‘new coins’?
Lencho's corn fields were ready to be harvested. His fields needed shower before harvesting. He would be able to earn a good amount of money by selling the harvest. Thus, the raindrops looked like 'new coins' to him.
How did the rain change? What happened to Lencho’s fields?
Acceding to Lencho's predictions, big drops of rain began to fall. But, soon strong wind began to blow resulting in dropping of large hail stones. The hailstones destroyed the corn fields completely.
What were Lencho’s feelings when the hail stopped?
Lencho's soul was filled with sadness. The hailstorm had affected the corn fields very badly. He lamented that even a plague of locusts would have left more than what was left after the hail storm. He said that they would not have any corn that year. They worked so hard throughout the year but all in vain.
Who or what did Lencho have faith in? What did he do?
Lencho had faith in God. He was hopeful about the help from God. He believed that God sees everything. He can peep into one’s conscience deeply. He wrote a letter to God asking for a hundred pesos in order to sow his field again and to live until the crop grew.
What did the postmaster do then?
At first, the postmaster and the postman broke out in laugh. But, at the same moment the postmaster was impressed by Lencho’s faith in the God. He wished that he could also keep that much faith in God. The postmaster decided to help Lencho. He asked his colleagues to contribute some money and he himself gave a part of his salary.
Was Lencho surprised to find a letter for him with money in it?
No, Lencho was not surprised to get the money. He was very confident that God would definitely help him.
What made him angry?
Lencho became angry when he counted the money that God had sent him. He found that the money amounted to seventy pesos only whereas he had asked for hundred pesos. He believed that the post office employees have stolen the rest of the amount because God could never make a mistake. Also, God would never deny Lencho what he had requested.
Who does Lencho have complete faith in? Which sentences in the story tell you this?
Lencho has complete faith in God. It can be inferred from the following sentences:-
Why does the postmaster send money to Lencho? Why does he sign the letter ‘God’?
The postmaster sends the money to Lencho to help him and keep his faith God alive. He was impressed by Lencho's faith in God. He wished that he could also have the same faith in God. So, he asked the other employees to contribute some money and he himself gave a part of his salary. After he collects all the contribution, he puts that into an envelope and posts it to Lencho's address. He signs the letter as God because he doesn't want to shake lencho's faith in God.
Did Lencho try to find out who had sent the money to him? Why/Why not?
Who does Lencho think has taken the rest of the money? What is the irony in the situation? (Remember that the irony of a situation is an unexpected aspect of it. An ironic situation is strange or amusing because it is the opposite of what is expected.)
When Lencho counted the money, he found that it was short of thirty pesos. He had asked for a hundred pesos from God. He believed that God could never make a mistake, nor would he deny Lencho's request for money.
The irony of the situation was that the postoffice employees about whom Lencho complained to God thinking that they had stolen the money, actually made contributions to help him. They did so to keep his faith alive in God.
Are there people like Lencho in the real world? What kind of a person would you say he is? You may select appropriate words from the box to answer the question.
greedy naive stupid ungrateful
selfish comical unquestioning
One can hardly find people like Lencho in the real world. He is a naive and stupid farmer who has an unshakable belief in God.
There are two kinds of conflict in the story: between humans and nature, and between humans themselves. How are these conflicts illustrated?
Notice how the word ‘hope’ is used in these sentences from the story: (a) I hope it (the hailstorm) passes quickly. (b) There was a single hope: help from God. In the first example, ‘hope’ is a verb which means you wish for something to happen. In the second example it is a noun meaning a chance for something to happen.
Match the sentences in Column A with the meanings of ‘hope’ in Column B
1.Will you get the subjects you want to study in college? I hope so. 2. I hope you don’t mind my saying this, but I don’t like the way you are arguing. 3. This discovery will give new hope to HIV/AIDS sufferers. 4. We were hoping against hope that the judges would not notice our mistakes. 5. I called early in the hope of speaking to her before she went to school. 6. Just when everybody had given up hope, the fishermen came back, seven days after the cyclone. |
-a feeling that something good will probably happen – thinking that this would happen (It may or may not have happened.) – stopped believing that this good thing would happen – wanting something to happen (and thinking it quite possible) – showing concern that what you say should not offend or disturb the other person: a way of being polite – wishing for something to happen, although this is very unlikely |
Sponsor Area
Join the sentences given below using who, whom, whose, which, as suggested.
1. I often go to Mumbai. Mumbai is the commercial capital of India. (which)
2. My mother is going to host a TV show on cooking. She cooks very well. (who)
3.These sportspersons are going to meet the President. Their performance has been excellent. (whose)
4. Lencho prayed to God. His eyes see into our minds. (whose)
5. This man cheated me. I trusted him. (whom)
We know that sentences with words such as no, not or nothing show the absence of something, or contradict something. For example:
(a) This year we will have no corn. (Corn will be absent)
(b) The hail has left nothing. (Absence of a crop)
(c) These aren’t raindrops falling from the sky, they are new coins. (Contradicts the common idea of what the drops of water falling from the sky are)
But sometims negative words are used just to emphasise an idea. Look at these sentences from the story:
(d) Lencho…had done nothing else but see the sky towards the northeast. (He had done only this)
(e) The man went out for no other reason than to have the pleasure of feeling the rain on his body. (He had only this reason)
(f) Lencho showed not the slightest surprise on seeing the money. (He showed no surprise at all)
Now look back at example (c). Notice that the contradiction in fact serves to emphasise the value or usefulness of the rain to the farmer.
Find sentences in the story with negative words, which express the following ideas emphatically.
1. The trees lost all their leaves.
______________________________________
2. The letter was addressed to God himself.
______________________________________
3. The postman saw this address for the first time in his career.
________________________________________________________
The word metaphor comes from a Greek word meaning ‘transfer’. Metaphors compare two things or ideas: a quality or feature of one thing is transferred to another thing. Some common metaphors are
• the leg of the table: The leg supports our body. So the object that supports a table is described as a leg.
• the heart of the city: The heart is an important organ in the centre of our body. So this word is used to describe the central area of a city.
In pairs, find metaphors from the story to complete the table below. Try to say what qualities are being compared. One has been done for you.
Object |
Metaphor |
Quality or feature compared |
Cloud |
Huge mountains of clouds |
The mass or ‘hugeness’ of mountains |
Raindrops |
|
|
Hailstones |
|
|
Locusts |
|
|
|
|
An epidemic (a disease) that spreads very rapidly and leaves many people dead |
|
An ox of a man |
|
Object |
Metaphor |
Quality or feature compared |
Cloud |
Huge mountains of clouds |
The mass or ‘hugeness’ of mountains |
Raindrops |
New coins |
Sound produced by raindrops resembles sound made by coins. |
Hailstones |
Frozen pearls |
Resemblance in shape, shine in beauty of a pearl |
Locusts |
plague of locusts |
Destruction that happens due to plague |
Locusts |
Plague of locusts |
An epidemic (a disease) that spreads very rapidly and leaves many people dead |
Man |
An ox of a man |
Work very hard in feilds |
What could one see from Lencho's house?
Lencho's house was located on the crest of a low hill. One could see the river and the ripe corn fields. The flowers of the ripe corns were promising a good harvest that year.
What did the corn fields need?
The corn fields only needed a downpour or rains before harvesting.
What had Lencho been doing since morning?
Lencho had been seeing the sky towards the north-east. He was waiting for the rainfall.
What had Lencho predicted?
As Lencho had been observing the sky towards north east, he could see huge mountains of clouds approaching. Apparently, he had predicted that they would definitely get some rain.
What did Lencho compare the raindrops with?
In accordance with Lencho's prediction, big drops of rain began to fall. He went out to enjoy the rain. The rain drops looked like new coins to him. He compared the raindrops with new coins because the rain indicated a good harvest that year. He was very hopeful that the corn harvest would bring him a good amount of money.
What did the large hailstones look like? How did they affect the cornfields?
The large hailstones were shining like new silver coins. But, Lencho was not happy with the fall of hailstones because they would destroy the crops utterly. The hail rained for an hour. As Lencho anticipated, they completely destroyed the whole corn harvest.
What did Lencho say when the storm had passed?
After the storm had passed, Lencho bemoaned to his sons and said that a plague of Locusts would have left something but the hailstones had left nothing. He also said that they would not have any corn that year.
Why was Lencho worried?
Every year, Lencho used to sell the corn harvest and to earn money. It was the only source of income for him. With the destruction of the crop, his hopes for earning money also ended. He was worried because he would have to stay hungry that year. Moreover, there was nobody to help him.
Who was Lencho's only hope?
Lencho's only hope was the help of God. He believed that God sees everything. God can see deep into one's conscience.
What did Lencho do to convey his problem to God?
Lencho only hoped for the help from God. He decided to write a letter to God to convey his problem and ask for an amount of hundred pesos to cover for the expenses of sowing his field again and take care of his family until the crop would be prepared for harvesting.
What did he write in the letter?
He wrote about his problem in the letter to God. He bemoaned that they would have to stay hungry throughout the year if God didn't help him. Also, he asked for an amount of hundred pesos to cover for the expenses of sowing his field again and take care of his family until the crop would be prepared for harvesting.
How did the postmaster react after reading the letter?
As soon as the postmaster read the letter, he started laughing. But, soon he became serious when he realized the predicament of the person who had written the letter. Being impressed by that person's faith in God, he tapped the letter on the desk. He said that he wished that he also kept the same faith in God.
Why did the postmaster decide to answer the letter?
The postman decided to answer the letter so that the person's faith in God would not be shaken.
What did the postmaster find when he opened the letter?
The postmaster opened the letter and read it. He found that the person had asked for a hundred pesos. To him, it was obvious that only goodwill, ink and paper won't be enough to answer that letter.
What did the postmaster do to arrange the money?
Being adhered to his resolution of answering the letter, he decided to collect the money that Lencho had asked for. Not only he asked for money from his employees, but also he donated a part of his salary. Seeing his efforts, his friends and colleagues came forward to give something for an act of charity. He could collect seventy pesos.
How did the postmaster feel after sending the money to Lencho?
He felt contented because he performed a good deed.
Why didn't Lencho get surprised on seeing the money from God?
Lencho was a poor, stupid and naive farmer who had been told that no one dies of hunger and God takes care of everything. So, he wrote a letter to God explaining his quagmire. He was waiting for God's response. So, he didn't get surprised because he had faith that God would reply him and send his help.
Why did Lencho become angry?
When Lencho opened the letter and counted the money, he found only seventy pesos while he had asked for a hundred pesos. So, he became angry. His faith in God made it unbelievable to him that God could have made a mistake or he could deny Lencho what he had requested. Apparently, he concluded that the post office employees had stolen some money.
What did Lencho decide to do after reading the letter from God?
Lencho decided to write a letter to God again requesting him to give him the rest of amount. He informed God that only seventy pesos had reached him. Blaming the postoffice employees for stealing the money, he also requested God not to send him money through mail because the post office employees were a bunch of crooks.
Sponsor Area
What was Lencho's reply to the letter from God?
Lencho informed God that only seventy pesos had reached him. He requested God to give him the rest of amount as he needed it very much. Blaming the postoffice employees for stealing the money, he also requested God not to send him money through mail because the post office employees were a bunch of crooks.
What is a “dust of snow”? What does the poet say has changed his mood? How has the poet’s mood changed?
How does Frost present nature in this poem? The following questions may help you to think of an answer.
(i) What are the birds that are usually named in poems? Do you think a crow is often mentioned in poems? What images come to your mind when you think of a crow?
(ii) Again, what is “a hemlock tree”? Why doesn’t the poet write about a more ‘beautiful’ tree such as a maple, or an oak, or a pine?
(iii) What do the ‘crow’ and ‘hemlock’ represent — joy or sorrow? What does the dust of snow that the crow shakes off a hemlock tree stand for?
(i) The poet has depicted nature unusually. Generally, we come across birds such as nightingales or sparrows in poems concerned with nature and its beauty. No, crow is not often mentioned in the poems. The crow is considered as a harbinger of bad news and sadness. Frost has used a crow in this poem to indicate sorrow and foreboding.
(ii) A hemlock tree is a poisonous tree. The poet has employed a hemlock tree, instead of a more beautiful tree such as a maple, or oak, or pine because these trees symbolise beauty and happiness. Frost wanted to symbolise the feelings of sadness and regret, which is why he has used a hemlock tree.
(ii) The 'crow' and 'hemlock' represent joy. The dust of snow brings happiness to the poet and changes his remorseful mood.
For Frost, what do ‘fire’ and ‘ice’ stand for? Here are some ideas:
greed avarice cruelty lust
conflict fury intolerance rigidity
insensitivity coldness indifference hatred
What is the rhyme scheme of the poem? How does it help in bringing out the contrasting ideas in the poem?
What is Apartheid?
The word Apartheid means 'the state of being apart'. Apartheid’ is a political system of racial segregation that separates people according to their race.
Sponsor Area
Sponsor Area