NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Economics Indian Economic Development Chapter 2 Indian Economy 1950-1990

What do you mean by economic planning?

In India who is the chair person of Planning Commission?

Who formulate plans in India?

Who floated the idea of planning in India first of all?

How many plans have been completed in India so far?

Define capitalist economy.

What is a socialist economy?

What is mixed economy?

What is meant by economic growth?

What structural change undergoes with development of the economy?

Name the sectors from which the GDP of a country is derived.

On which idea is the policy of 'land to tiller' is based?

Where is the provision for economic and social planning in our Constitution?

Why is agriculture called the backbone of Indian Economy?

What is meant by agriculture?

What are the main causes of backwardness of Indian agriculture?

What do you mean by land reforms?

What is consolidation of holdings?

What is Green Revolution?

What is Green Revolution?

What is food problem?

Name the factors that have attributed to the increase in the agricultural production.

What is meant by industrial policy?

When was the first industrial policy introduced after independence?

What is meant by small scale industries?

What are cottage industries?

Why are small scale and cottage industries important in Indian economy?

How many industries were included in schedule A of 1956 industrial policy?

When was New Industrial Policy (NIP) announced? Give two features of this policy.

What do you mean by industrial policy?

Why did India opt for planning?

Why should plans have goals?

What are High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds?

What is marketable surplus?

What was the main objective of industrial licensing?

What had the leaders of Indepencent India to decide among other things?

Which type of economic system appealed to Jawaharlal Nehru the most?

Was Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru in favour of the kind of socialism established in the former Soveit Union where all the means of production were owned by the Government.

Name the three different types of economic system.

Name the economic system which in the view of leaders of Independent India combined the best features of socialism without its draw-back.

What does a plan spell out?

What is the duration of Indian plans?

Which country is the pioneer in national planning?

What do our plan documents specify?

What is a perspective plan?

When was the Planning Commission set-up?

What are the goals of the Five Year Plans?

What does growth refer to?

Which is a good indicator of economic growth in the language of economics?

Name the different sectors of the economy from which the GDP of a country is derived?

What does modernisation refer to?

What does self-reliance mean?

What did equity in agriculture call for?

What does land ceiling means?

What was the purpose of land-ceiling?

Which revolution broke permanently the stagnation in agriculture during the colonial rule?

What does Green Revolution refer to?

What does the structure for economy imply?

Why did the First Five Year focus on higher agricultural production as the principal objective.

What was the principal objective during the second plan?

What is marketed surplus?

Write down any one risk involved in Green Revolution.

Which Industrial Policy resolution formed the basis of the Second Five Year Plan?

In how many categories were the industries classified under Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956.

What are labour intensive industries?

Why is protection from foreign competition being criticised?

In which states were the land-reforms successful and why?

How was the risk of small farmers being ruined when the pests attack their crops was considerably reduced?

Write down the hurdles faced by the land ceiling legislation.

What were the requisites (needs) of the use of HYV seeds?

Why do Five Year Plans place a lot of emphasis on the industrial development?

In which type of economy, only those goods are produced that are in demand i.e. goods that can be sold profitably either in the domestic or in the foreign markets?

In which type of economy, the government decides what goods are to be produced in accordance with the needs of society?

Which type of economic system found suitable for our nation by our national leaders like Nehru?

Which type of economic system found suitable for our nation by our national leaders like Nehru?

On what basis the produced goods distributed among people in capitalist economy?

What is the basis of distribution of goods and services in socialist economy?

Which technique of production is adopted in capitalist economy?

In which type of economy, much importance is not given to the desire of individuals?

What do you mean by consolidation of land holdings?

What does cooperative farming refer to?

Mention the period covered by various plans.

Or

What is meant by development?

Define a plan?

What is a perspective plan?

'Gross Domestic Product, is a good indicator of economic growth of a country'. Comment.

What do you mean by structural change? What is its relationship with economic development?

What is the importance of agriculture in Indian economy?

What are the agrarian reforms?

What are tenancy reforms?

What do you understand by the policy of land to the tiller?

Who were Zamindars?

What is the benefit of ownership rights?

What are the hurdles in the way of land to the tillers?

What do you mean by New Agricultural Strategy?

Why was there stagnation in Indian agriculture during the colonial rule?

How has India achieved self-sufficiency in food grains?

What is marketed surplus?

'The new agricultural technology involved risks'. Explain.

Why was so much importance given to public sector in five year plans?

Give the main objectives of 1956 Industrial Policy.

What was the objective of Licensing Policy in India?

What are the objectives of New Industrial Policy?

What measures have been taken by the government for the development of cottage and small scale industries?

Explain the need and type of land reforms implemented in the agriculture sector.

What is Green Revolution? Why was it implemented and how did it benefit the farmers? Explain in brief.

Explain ‘growth with equity’ as a planning objective.

Does modernisation as a planning objective create contradiction in the light of employment generation? Explain.

Why was it necessary for a developing country like India to follow self-reliance as a planning objective?

Explain how import substitution can protect domestic industry.

Why and how was private sector regulated under the IPR 1956?

Distinguish between subsistence agriculture and commercial agriculture?

What does self-reliance mean? Why was the policy of self-reliance considered necessary during the First Seven Year Plan.

Write a short note on marketed surplus.

Differentiate between planning objectives (objectives of planning) and plan objectives.

Write the three questions which are to be answered by every society.

Or

Write down three decisions which are to be taken by every society.

Evaluate inward looking trade strategy adopted by Government during 1950-91.

Or

Give the outline of Government's trade policy that protected the domestic industry from foreign competition.

Or

Explain import substituting industrialisation during 1950-90.

Write down the advantages of import substituting industrialisation.

How many phases were there of green revolution? Explain these phases.

Write down the features of five year plans.

Differentiate between directive planning and comprehensive planning.

What do you know about capitalism, socialism and mixed economy?

Give the achievements of economic planning.

Or

How for the various objectives of planning have been realised prior to economic reform?    

Why has India adopted the Mixed Economy?

Give the failures of Economic Planning?

While subsidies encourage farmers to use new technology, they are a huge burden on government finances. Discuss the usefulness of subsidies in the light of this fact.

Why was public sector given a leading role in industrial development during the planning period?

Explain the statement that green revolution enabled the government to procure sufficient food grains to build its stocks that could be used during times of shortage.

Why, despite the implementation of green revolution, 65 per cent of our population continued to be engaged in the agriculture sector till 1990?

Though public sector is very essential for many industries, many public sector undertakings incure huge losses and are a drain on the economy's resources. Discuss the usefulness of public sector undertakings in the light of this fact.

What are the main features of Industrial Policy Resolution 1956?

What are the various objectives of Public Sector Undertakings?

Explain the importance of small scale industries in India.

Briefly compare the industrial policy of 1948 and industrial policy of 1956. Ans. Both the policies indicate the relative importance and responsibility of public sector and private sector towards industries. Both the policies are important for the industrialization of the country.

What were the different categories of industries according to the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956?

Why were the wheat growing states benefitted from the Green Revolution?

What is sectoral composition of an economy? Is it necessary that the service sector should contribute maximum to GDP of an economy? Comment.

What are the problems of small scale industries in India?

Construct a pie-chart for the following table on sectorial contribution to GDP?

Present the data given below in the following table by multiple bar diagram:

Prepare pie-chart on the occupational structure of the Indian Economy available in the following table:

Prepare multiple bar-diagram on the occupational structure of the Indian economy available in the following table:

Give the short history of economic planning in India.

Write down short term objectives of Indian plans.

Or

Summarise the plan objectives from First five year plan to Eleventh five year plan.

Give criticism of import substitute strategy.

Explain main advantages of small scale industry.

Critically examine the development of agricultural sector in the context of objectives of planning such as growth, equity, modernisation and employment.

Write down the features of Green Revolution.

What do you mean by land ceiling legislation ? Which hurdles were faced by land ceiling legislation?

Write down the achievements of five year plan.

Differentiate between capitalism, socialism and mixed economy. Ans. Difference between capitalism, socialism and mixed economy:

What is difference between economic growth and economic development?

What do you mean by equity?

What does structural change imply?

What is the difference between equal distribution and equitable distribution?

What has compelled the government to offer reservation in jobs to the economically and socially weaker sections of the society challenging?

Who is the architect of Indian planning?

Define per capita income.

What is the main objective of Indian planning?

When were the third and fourth plans launched?

What was the duration of the fifth five year plan?

What is meant by self-sufficiency?

What was a notable difference in the nature of planning model adopted by India compared with the Soviet Union?

What is statism?

What is comprehensive planning?

What is directive planning?

Free play of market forces refers to:

• A situation where major economic decisions are taken by the government keeping in view the collective interests of society as a whole,

   

• The government of a country does not interfere with the market forces of supply and demand,

   

• Major economic decisions are taken by the central government authority as well as left to the free play market forces.

   

• (a) and (c)

In India, the chairperson of Planning Commission is:

• President of India

   

• Vice-President of India.

• Prime Minister of India

   

• Speaker of Lok Sabha

Architect of Indian planning is:

• Dr. Ambedkar

   

• SardarPatel

   

• P.C. Mahalanobis

• Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru

Modernisation refers to:

• Use of new technology only

   

• Changes in social outlook only

   

• Use of new technology and changes in social outlook

   

• None of above

Importance to self-reliance was given by:

• First five year plan

• First seven five year plans

   

• First three five year plans

   

• First eight five year plans

The idea behind taking the steps to abolish intermediaries and to make the tiller the owners of the land was

• That ownership of land would give incentives to the tillers to invest in making improvements provided sufficient capital was made available to them

• That would make the tillers loyal to government

   

•  That would make the tillers happy

   

• None of above

Industrial policy resolution (1956 IPR 1956) classified the industries into:

• Two categories

   

• Three categories

   

• Five categories

   

• Four categories

To encourage import-substitution, the government protected domestic industries from foreign competition. Protection from foreign import took:

• Three forms

• Four forms

   

• Two forms

• Five forms

Along with three annual plans, we have completed:

• Seven five year plans

   

• Tenth five year plans

   

• Nine five year plans

•  Eight five year plans

The first five year plan focussed on:

• Increase in industrial production

   

• Increase in agricultural production

   

• Reduction in inequality

   

• Removal of poverty