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Microbes in Human Welfare

Question
CBSEENBI12003099
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Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of

  • Industrial wastes poured into water bodies

  • The extent to which water is polluted with an organic compound

  • Amount of carbon monoxide inseparably combined with haemoglobin

  • Amount of oxygen needed by green plants during the night 

Solution

B.

The extent to which water is polluted with an organic compound

Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a meaure of polluting organic matter present in a sample of water. BOD is higher in polluted sewage water and is connected with both microbes and organic matters. When larger amount of sewage is dumped in to water, the BOD will increase.

Question
CBSEENBI12047053
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Continued consumption of a diet rich in butter, red meat and eggs for a long period may lead to:

  • vitamin toxicity

  • kidney stones

  • hypercholesterolemia

  • urine laden with ketone bodies

Solution

C.

hypercholesterolemia

Cholesterol is a soft waxy substance that is a natural component of the fats in the blood stream and in all the cells of the body. In our body 8% - 10% of the saturated fatty acids are coming from animal product, such as butter, egg, red meat. Contiuous consumption of this type of diet leads to hypercholesterolemia due to presence of excess amount of saturated fatty acid.

Question
CBSEENBI12047156
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Creosote is used to prevent:

  • rusts of wheat

  • dry rot of wood

  • loose smut of oats

  • brown rust of barley

Solution

B.

dry rot of wood

Creosote is obtained from wood tar or coal tar. It is a fungicide, which is used to kill fungi. It is also used to prevent the dry rot in wood.

Question
CBSEENBI12047651
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Curdling of milk in small intestine occurs due to the action of

  • trypsin

  • erypsin

  • rennin

  • chymotrypsin

Solution

C.

rennin

Rennin is an enzyme found in gastric juices and responsible for the coagulation of milk. At room temperature, i.e. 37°C, renin coagulates 107 times to that of its own weight of milk in 10 minutes.

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Question
CBSEENBI12003057
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Gas gangrene is caused by

  • Clostridium botulinum

  • Xanthomonas campestris

  • Pseudomonas

  • Clostridium perfringens

Solution

D.

Clostridium perfringens

Gas gangrene is caused by Gram-Positive, spore-forming bacterial called Clostridium perfringens. This develops when blood flow ceases to a part of a body, usually as a result of blockage of dead tissue.

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