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The Cold War Era

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Question

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Which among the following statements about the Cold War is wrong?
It was a competition between the US and Soviet Union and their respective allies.
It was an ideological war between the superpowers.
It triggered off an arms race.
The US and USSR were engaged in direct wars.

Solution

D.

The US and USSR were engaged in direct wars.

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Which among the following statements does not reflect the objectives of NAM?
Enabling newly decolonised countries to pursue independent policies.
No to joining any military alliances.
Following a policy of ‘neutrality’ on global issues.
Focus on elimination of global economic inequalities.

Solution

C.

Following a policy of ‘neutrality’ on global issues.

Question

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Why did the superpowers have military alliances with smaller countries ? Give three reasons.

Solution

The superpowers needed military alliances with smaller countries due to the following reasons:
(i) To gain access to vital resources, such as oil and minerals.
(ii) To gain access to territory, from where the superpowers could launch their weapons and troops.
(iii) To gain access to locations from where they could spy on each other.

Question

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Sometimes it is said that the Cold War was a simple struggle for power and that ideology hadnothing to do with it. Do you agree with this ? Give one example to support your position.

Solution

The Cold War was not a simple struggle for power because ideology too played an important role in it. There was a real ideological conflict too. There was a difference of opinion over the best and the most appropriate way of organising political, economic and social life all over the world. The Western alliance,headed by the US, represented the ideology of liberal democracy and capitalism. On the other hand, the Eastern alliance, headed by the Soviet Union, was committed to the ideology of socialism and communism.The superpowers emphasised that liberal democracy and capitalism were better than socialism and commu-nism, or vice versa.

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