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The Language of Chemistry

Question
ICSEENICH9009858
Wired Faculty App

Fill in the blanks:

  1. Dalton used symbol _____ for oxygen _____ for hydrogen.
  2. Symbol represents _____ atom(s) of an element.
  3. Symbolic expression for a molecule is called _____.  .
  4. Sodium chloride has two radicals. Sodium is a _____ radical while chloride is _____ radical.
  5. Valency of carbon in CH4 is _____ , in C2H6 _____, in C2H4 ___ and in C2H2 is ____.
  6. Valency of Iron in FeCl2 is _____  and in FeCl3 it is ____ .
  7. Formula of iron (ill) carbonate is _____ .

 

Solution

Dalton used symbol [O] for oxygen,[H] for hydrogen.

,

Symbol represents gram atom(s) of an element.

,

Symbolic expression for a molecule is called molecular formula.

,

Sodium chloride has two radicals. Sodium is a basic radical, while chloride is an acid radical.

,

Valency of carbon in CH4 is 4, in C2H6 4, in C2H4 4 and in C2H2 is 4.

,

Valency of iron in FeCl2 is 2 and in FeCl3 it is 3.

,

Formula of iron (III) carbonate is Fe2[CO3]3.

Question
ICSEENICH9009859
Wired Faculty App

Complete the following table.

 

 

 Acid Radicals 

 

Basic Radicals

Chloride

Nitrate

Sulphate 

Carbonate

Hydroxide

Phosphate

Magnesium

MgCl2

Mg(NO3)2

MgSO4

MgCO3

Mg(OH)2

 Mg3(PO4)2

Sodium

 

 

 

 

 

 

Zinc

 

 

 

 

 

 

Silver

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ammonium

 

 

 

 

 

 

Calcium

 

 

 

 

 

 

Iron (II)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Potassium

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Solution

 

 

 Acid Radicals 

 

 

 

Basic Radicals

Chloride

Nitrate

Sulphate 

Carbonate

Hydroxide

Phosphate

Magnesium

MgCl2

Mg(NO3)2

MgSO4

MgCO3

Mg(OH)2

 Mg3(PO4)2

Sodium

NaCl 

NaNO3

Na2SO4

Na2CO3

NaOH 

Na3PO4

Zinc

ZnCl2

Zn(NO3)2

Zn(SO4)2

ZnCO3

Zn(OH)2

Zn3(PO4)2

Silver

AgCl 

AgNO3

Ag2SO4

AgCO3

AgOH 

Ag3PO4

Ammonium

NH4Cl

NH4NO3

(NH4)2SO4

(NH4)2CO3

NH4OH

(NH4)3PO4

Calcium

CaCl2

CaCO3

CaSO4

CaCO3

Ca(OH)2

Ca3(PO4)2

Iron (II)

FeCl2

Fe(NO3)2

FeSO4

FeCO3

Fe(OH)2

Fe3(PO4)2

Potassium

KCl 

KNO3

K2SO4

K2CO3

KOH

K3PO4

 

Question
ICSEENICH9009860
Wired Faculty App

Sodium chloride reacts with silver nitrate to produce silver chloride and sodium nitrate

  1. Write the equation.
  2. Check whether it is balanced, if not balance it.
  3. Find the weights of reactants and products.
  4. State the law which this equation satisfies. 

Solution

  1. NaCl+ AgNO3 → NaNO3 + AgCl↓
  2. It is a balanced equation.

    3. c. Weights of reactants:NaCl - 58.44, AgNO3 - 169.87 

        Weights of products: NaNO3 - 84.99, AgCl - 143.32

        NaCl + AgNO3 → NaNO3  + AgCl

        (23+35.5) + (108+14+48) → (23+14+48) + (108+35.5)

        58.5 + 170 → 85 + 143.5

        228.5 g → 228.5 g

     

    d. Law of conservation of mass: Matter is neither created nor destroyed in the course of a chemical reaction.

Question
ICSEENICH9009861
Wired Faculty App

What information does the following chemical equation convey?

Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4+ H2

Solution

This equation conveys the following information:

 

  1. The actual result of a chemical change.
  2. Substances take part in a reaction, and substances are formed as a result of the reaction.
  3. Here, one molecule of zinc and one molecule of sulphuric acid react to give one molecule of zinc sulphate and one molecule of hydrogen.
  4. Composition of respective molecules, i.e. one molecule of sulphuric acid contains two atoms of hydrogen, one atom of sulphur and four atoms of oxygen.
  5. Relative molecular masses of different substances, i.e. molecular mass of

Zn = 65

H2SO4 = (2+32+64) = 98

ZnSO4 = (65+32+64) = 161  

H2 = 2

6. 22.4 litres of hydrogen are formed at STP.

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