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Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi

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Question
ICSEENIBI9010455
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State the differences between

(a) Decay and Putrefaction

(b) Pasteurization and Sterilization

Solution

(a) Decay and Putrefaction

Decay

Putrefaction

1. It is the complete breakdown of organic matter by bacteria.

1. It is the incomplete breakdown of organic matter by bacteria.

2. Does not emit a foul smell

2. Emits a foul smell

 

(b) Pasteurization and Sterilization

Pasteurization

Sterilization

1. Temperature- 60C

1. Temperature- 110C

2. Does not kill spores

2. Kills even spores

3. Partial sterilization

3. Complete sterilization

E.g. Pasteurization of milk

E.g. Sterilization of canned food

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Question
ICSEENIBI9010456
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  1. Bacteria are no more classified as plants primarily because:

    2. (a) these are unicellular

    (b) these are microscopic

    (c) many of them are parasitic

    (d) they have no chlorophyll

    1. A particular species of which one of the following, is the source bacterium of the antibiotic, discovered next to penicillin, for the treatment of tuberculosis?

    (a) Escherichia

    (b) Streptomyces

    (c) Rhizobium

    (d) Nitrobacter

    1. Which bacteria is rod shaped?

    (a) Coccus

    (b) Spirillum

    (c) Bacillus

    (d) Vibrio

    1. Which bacteria fixes nitrogen in the soil?

    (a) Nitrobacter

    (b) Nitrosomonas

    (c) Rhizobium

    (d) Clostridium

Solution

  1. (d) they have no chlorophyll
  2. (b)Streptomyces
  3. (c) Bacillus
  4. (c)Rhizobium

Question
ICSEENIBI9010457
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Name the three common types of bacteria.

Solution

The three common types of bacteria are:

  1. Cocci (spherical bacteria)
  2. Bacilli (rod-shaped bacteria)
  3. Spirilla (spiral bacteria)

Question
ICSEENIBI9010458
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Match the items in Column A with those in Column B.

Column A

Column B

(i) Penicillium

(a) Bacteria occuring in chains

(ii) Diplococci

(b) Antibiotic

(iii) Streptococci

(c) Bacteria occurring in pairs

Solution

 

Column A

Column B

(i) Penicillium

(b) Antibiotic

(ii)Diplococci

(c) Bacteria occurring in pairs

(iii)Streptococci

(a) Bacteria occuring in chains

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