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Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding
- Define covalent bond.
- Give an example of the covalent bond formed by
(i) Similar atoms (ii) Dissimilar atoms
(i) Similar atoms (ii) Dissimilar atoms
- The chemical bond formed between two combining atoms by mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons is called a covalent bond.
- Covalent bond formed by
- Bond formed between two Cl atoms; Cl‒Cl
- Bond formed between hydrogen atom and chlorine atom; H‒Cl
Covalent bonds can be single, double or triple covalent bonds. How many electrons are shared in each? Give an example of each type.
A single covalent bond is formed by sharing of one pair of electrons between atoms, each atom contributing one electron.
A double bond is formed by sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms.
A triple bond is formed by sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms.
Show number of bonds in
(i) ethene molecule (ii) ethyne molecule
i) Ethene molecule has one double covalent bond and four single covalent bonds.
ii) Ethyne molecule has one triple covalent bond and two single covalent bonds.
An element A has 1 electron in its first shell. It combines with element B having 7 electrons in its third shell. What type of bond is formed?
Element A with 1 electron in its first shell is hydrogen, and element B with 7 electrons in its third shell is chlorine.
So, a single covalent bond is formed between hydrogen and chlorine by sharing one pair of electrons.
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Mock Test Series
Mock Test Series