Photoelectric Effect

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Question
ICSEENIPH12029786

In a photo-electic cell, a retarding potential of 0.5V is required to block the movement of electrons from the cathode when monochromatic light of wavelength 400 nm is incident on its surface. Find the work function of the material of the cathode.

Solution

Using the formula,
hν space equals space straight w space plus space straight K. straight E.

straight h straight c over straight lambda space equals space straight w space plus space straight K. straight E

6.63 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 3 end exponent space straight x space fraction numerator 3 space straight x space 10 to the power of 8 over denominator 400 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 9 end exponent end fraction space

equals space straight w space plus space 1.6 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 19 end exponent space straight x space 0.5

straight w space equals space 4.9725 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 17 end exponent space straight J

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Question
ICSEENIPH12029787

Name a phenomenon or an experiment which proves.

(i)    Particle nature of electro-magnetic radiations.

(ii)    Wave nature of particles.

Solution

(i) Compton’s effect

(ii) Thomson’s discovery of electron diffraction. 

Question
ICSEENIPH12029833

Monochromatic light of wavelength 198 nm is incident on the surface of a metal, whose work function is 2-5 eV. Calculate the stopping potential.

Solution

Wavelength, λ = 198 nm = 198 x 10 -9 m,
Work function, Wo = 2.5 eV and
E = Energy of the incident wavelength.
Using the formula, 

straight E space equals space straight h space straight c over straight lambda space
space space space equals space 6.62 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 34 end exponent space straight x space fraction numerator 3 space straight x space 10 to the power of 8 over denominator 198 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 9 end exponent end fraction

space space space equals space fraction numerator 6.62 space over denominator 66 end fraction space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 34 space end exponent straight x space 10 to the power of 17

space space space equals space fraction numerator 6.62 over denominator 66 end fraction space straight x 10 to the power of negative 17 end exponent space straight J

space space space equals space fraction numerator 6.62 space over denominator 66 space straight x space 1.6 end fraction space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 17 end exponent over 10 to the power of negative 19 end exponent

space space space space equals space fraction numerator 6.62 space over denominator 66 space straight x space 1.6 end fraction space straight x space 10 squared space eV

space space space space equals space 6.3 space eV 
Wo = 2.5 eV
Stopping Potential = E -Wo = 6.3 - 2.5 = 3.8 eV

Question
ICSEENIPH12029834

Energy levels of H atom are given by:

Enegative fraction numerator 13.6 over denominator straight n squared end fraction space eV where n is Principal Quantum number. Calculate the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation emitted by hydrogen atom resulting from the transition: n = 2 to n = 1.

Solution

For n = 2 ,

straight E subscript 2 space equals space fraction numerator negative 13.6 over denominator 2 squared end fraction space eV
For n= 1

straight E subscript 1 space equals space fraction numerator negative 13.6 over denominator 1 squared end fraction space eV

increment straight E space equals space Emission space of space radiation space in space jumping space from space 2 space to space 1

space space straight E subscript 2 space minus space straight E subscript 1 space equals space fraction numerator negative 13.6 over denominator 4 end fraction space minus space left parenthesis negative 13.6 right parenthesis

space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space equals space 13.6 space open square brackets 1 space minus 1 fourth close square brackets

space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space equals space 13.6 space straight x space 3 over 4 space equals space 3.4 space straight x space 3 space eV

space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space space equals space 3.4 space straight x space 3 space straight x 10.6 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 19 end exponent

straight E space equals space straight h straight c over straight lambda

straight lambda space equals space fraction numerator 6.62 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 34 end exponent space straight x space 3 space straight x space 10 to the power of 8 over denominator 3.4 space straight x space 3 space straight x space 1.6 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 19 end exponent end fraction space
space space space equals space fraction numerator 6.62 over denominator 3.4 space straight x space 1.6 end fraction space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 34 end exponent space straight x space 10 to the power of 27

space space space equals space fraction numerator 6.62 over denominator 3.4 straight x space 1.6 end fraction space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 7 end exponent space

space space space equals space 1.22 space straight x space 10 to the power of negative 7 end exponent