Forms of Government

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Question
ICSEENIPO12030285

Give one example each of a unitary state which is democratic, and one which is a totalitarian communist state? 

Solution

i. Unitary State - UK 
ii. Totalitarian State - China

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Question
ICSEENIPO12030286

What is Unitary Federalism? 

Solution

it is a form of unitary government system in which a single power, which is known as the central government, controls the whole government. In fact, all powers and administrative divisions authorities lies at the central place. 

Question
ICSEENIPO12030298

Explain Aristotle's classification of states and critically evaluate it. 

Solution

Crutical evaluation of Aristitles's Classification of states : 
i. Unscientific in Nature - Critics point out the Aristotle's view is based on quantitative basis, i.e. number of persons who hold sovereign power which seems to unscientific. 
ii. Classification of government and not of states - According to Lassics, Aristotle had infact named classification of government as classification of states.
iii. No real distinction between Oligarchy and Aristocracy - As as critics there is no clear demarcation between these two forms. 
iv. Inadequate classification - He failed to mention the existence of theocratic states which regarded god and religion and not the people as centre of all powers. 
v. Not applicable to modern states - Aristotle's classification of states is based upon his Greek experience only.He ceased to take an account of all the states.
vi. Classification of democracy as a perverted form is wrong - He should have named polity as democracy.
vii. Aristitotle Cycle theory is Unhistorical - He held that constitutions of the states keep on changing from one form to other till one cycle, the second cycle begins with monarchy again. 
viii. Rule of one man is not always Monarchy - Rule of man can be a dictatorship also. 

Question
ICSEENIPO12030299

No rule is better than self-rule. In the light of the statement, discuss any six merits of Liberal Democracy. 

Solution

Liberal democracy is a form of government. It is a representative democracy in which the ability of the elected representatives to exercise decision-making power is subject to the rule of law, and usually moderated by a constitution that emphasizes the protection of the rights and freedoms of individuals, and which places constraints on the leaders and on the extent to which the will of the majority can be exercised against the rights of minorities.

The rights and freedoms protected by the constitutions of liberal democracies are varied, but they usually include most of the following: rights to due process, privacy, property and equality before the law, and freedoms of speech, assembly and religion. In liberal democracies these rights (also known as 'liberal rights') may sometimes be constitutionally guaranteed, or are otherwise created by statutory law or case law, which may in turn empower various civil institutions to administer or enforce these rights.

Liberal democracy is the combination of a democratic system, in which policy is ultimately determined through popular elections and liberalism, in which the state has limited control over the individual, and there are strong protections for civil liberties. In a liberal democracy, people are generally free to do what they like, even if that involves criticizing the government; the government doesn't get to control society, suppress opposition, or do whatever they please, the government is bound by laws just like the citizens are.