The factors are:

i. Altitude: As the height increases temperature decreases at the rate of 1°C for every 165 m of ascend. Example: Nanital has lower temperature than agra.

ii. Distance from the sea: Places close to the sea have lower range of temperature i.e. moderate climate and places away from the influences of the sea have higher range of temperature i.e. continental climate. Eg. Mumbai has moderate temperature whereas Delhi has extreme temperature. 

The differences:

i. Rainfall in June to September is caused by  S.W. monsoon whereas rainfall in December to February is caused temperate cyclones (western disturbances) originating in Mediterranean sea.

ii. Rain in June to September is heavy ranging between 75 to 150 cm. whereas rain in Dec. to February is only 5 to 7 cm but beneficial for wheat and barley.

i. Kerala lies in the coastal region surrounded by water bodies like the Arabian Sea. Kerala also lies in the tropical region and thus receives convectional rainfall. When the monsoon winds blow over the Arabian Sea, they pick up moisture and strike the Western Ghats. Kerela is also prone to storm surges and torrential downpour as a result of cyclones. This results in frequent rainfall and a long rainy season in Kerala.

ii. The Konkan Coast experiences orographic rainfall because the monsoon winds which blow over the Arabian Sea strike the western side of the Western Ghats resulting in heavy rainfall. By the time these winds reach the Eastern Ghats, they are already dry as they have already shed their moisture.

iii. The city of Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh lies in the interiors of the plain region. The plain regions experience continental type of climate with a wider range of temperature. Chennai, on the other hand is a coastal region and experiences moderate type of climate in which the range of temperature is low.

i. May and September are the hottest months.
ii. Annual rainfall = Sum of rainfall in all the twelve months
Therefore, annual rainfall is 131.9 cm.
iii. The North East Monsoon winds bring maximum rainfall to the city.