Lines and Angles

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Question
CBSEENMA9002349

Ray OE bisects ∠AOB and OF is the ray opposite to OE. Show that ∠FOB = ∠FOA.


Solution

∠FOB + ∠BOE = 180° ...(1)
| Linear Pair Axiom
∠FOA + ∠AOE = 180° ...(2)
| Linear Pair Axiom
From (1) and (2),
∠FOB + ∠BOE = ∠FOA + ∠AOE ...(3)
But    ∠BOE = ∠AOE
| ∵ Ray OE bisects ∠AOB
∴ From (3),
⇒    ∠FOB = ∠FOA.

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Question
CBSEENMA9002350

Rays OA, OB. OC, OD and OE have the common initial point O. Show that ∠AOB + ∠BOC + ∠COD + ∠DOE + ∠EOA = 360°.

Solution

Construction. Draw a ray OP opposite to ray OA.
Proof. ∠AOB + ∠BOC + ∠COP = 180° ...(1)
| ∵ A straight angle = 180°
∠POD + ∠DOE + ∠EOA = 180° ...(2)
| ∵ A straight angle = 180°
Adding (1) and (2), we get
∠AOB + ∠BOC + (∠COP + ∠POD) + ∠DOE + ∠EOA = 180° + 180° = 360°
⇒ ∠AOB + ∠BOC + ∠COD + ∠DOE + ∠EOA = 360°.
 

Question
CBSEENMA9002351

Prove “if two lines intersect each other, then the vertically opposite angles are equal.”

Solution

Let AB and CD be two lines intersecting at O.

This leads to two pairs of vertically opposite angles, namely,
(i) ∠AOC and ∠BOD
(ii) ∠AOD and ∠BOC
We are to prove that
(i) ∠AOC = ∠BOD
and (ii) ∠AOD = ∠BOC
∵ Ray OA stands on line CD Therefore,
∠AOC + ∠AOD = 180°    ...(1)
| Linear Pair Axiom
∵ Ray OD stands on line AB Therefore,
∠AOD + ∠BOD = 180°    ...(2)
| Linear Pair Axiom
From (1) and (2),
∠AOC + ∠AOD = ∠AOD + ∠BOD
⇒    ∠AOC = ∠BOD
Similarly, we can prove that
∠AOD = ∠BOC

Question
CBSEENMA9002352

In figure, OP bisects ∠AOC, OQ bisects ∠BOC and OP ⊥ OQ. Show that the points A, O and B are collinear.


Solution

Given: OP bisects ∠AOC, OQ bisects ∠BOC and OP ⊥ OQ.
To Prove: The points A, O and B are collinear.
Proof: ∵ OP bisects ∠AOC
∴ ∠AOP = ∠COP    ...(1)
∵ OQ bisects ∠BOC
∠BOQ = ∠COQ    ...(2)
Now, ∠AOB
= ∠AOP + ∠COP + ∠COQ + ∠BOQ
= ∠COP + ∠COP + ∠COQ + ∠COQ
| From (1) and (2)
= 2(∠COP + ∠COQ)
= 2 ∠POQ
= 2(90°)    | ∵ OP ⊥ OQ
= 180°
∴ The points A, O and B are collinear.
| By converse of Linear Pair Axiom