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Reproduction in Plants

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Question
CBSEENSC7001183
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Fill in the blanks:

(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called ________.

(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called _________.

(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of another flower of the same kind is known as _________.

(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as __________.

(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of _________, _________ and _________.

Solution

vegetative propagation

,

unisexual

,

pollination

,

fertilisation

,

wind, water and animals

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Question
CBSEENSC7001184
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Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.

Solution

The various modes of asexual reproduction in plants are as follows:

(i)Vegetative propagation: It is the ability of a plant to produce new plants from roots, stems, leaves, and buds. Vegetative propagation is divided into two types.

• Natural vegetative propagation: This type of vegetative propagation occurs easily in nature and involves simple vegetative parts. Potato plant sprouting from an eye is a common example.

• Artificial vegetative propagation: This type of vegetative propagation is performed manually and generally occurs in laboratory conditions. The formation of a complete plant from a stem cutting of rose is a common example of this method.

(ii) Budding:It involves the formation of a new individual from a bulb-like projection called a bud. The bud grows and gets detached from the parent to form a new individual. It is commonly observed in yeast.

(iii)Fragmentation:It is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism is formed from the fragments of the parent body. It is the only mode of asexual reproduction in Spirogyra.

(iv)Spore formation:Many non-flowering plants reproduce through spore formation. Spores are tiny cells protected by a thick wall. Fungi such as bread moulds reproduce asexually using this method.

Question
CBSEENSC7001185
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Explain what you understand by sexual reproduction.

Solution

Sexual reproduction is a process which involves production of seeds. It requires two parents. Most plants reproduce sexually with the help of flowers. The main function of a flower is to reproduce and therefore develop new seeds that can grow into new plants.

Question
CBSEENSC7001186
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State the main difference between asexual and sexual reproduction.

Solution

Differences between sexual and asexual reproduction:

Asexual reproduction

Sexual reproduction

It requires only one parent.

It requires two parents.

In asexual reproduction, newly developed plants are identical to the parent and to each other.

In sexual reproduction, newly developed plants are not identical to parents.

Special reproductive parts are not required for asexual reproduction.

 Flower is the reproductive part of a plant which contains the sexual organs of a plant. These are important for sexual reproduction.

Examples are yeast, rose, jasmine, potato, etc.

Examples are flowering plants, such as Hibiscus, corn, papaya, etc.

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